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e. W. CRAWFORD. l I SIDING AND OI-EILING'FOR BUILDINGS. No. 294,855.

Patented Mar. 11, "1884.

g QM A W .A W\ m////@ MIN v f v 1 /////////////Z UNITED STATES PATENT Urrrce.

GEORGE V. CRAYVFORD, OF DAVENPORT CENTRE, NEV YORK.

SIDING AND CEILING FOR BUILDINGS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 294,855, dated March 11, 1884.

' I-\pplicat ion filed December 17, 1888. .(No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE W. CRAWFORD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Davenport Centre, in the county of Delaware and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Siding and Ceilings for Buildings, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in siding i'or inclosing buildings; also for ceiling the inside of said buildings, and for other purposes.

Myinvention consists in forming boards or strips, commonly known as siding clapboards or ceilings, with tongue and grooves on the edges of the same, and in forming an inner and outer shoulder on the tongue-edge, against which the groove-edges may abut to form a tight joint.

The objects of my invention are, first, to form the edges of siding or clapboards in such a manner that the surface on the inner side will be plain and flat, while the outer surface will present a lap or lip appearance usually seen in common lap-siding; second, to form one edge of said siding with a tongue projection having at its base a double. shoulder, and'the opposite edge grooved with shoulders of difi'erent degrees of thickness; third, to form said siding with tongue and groove edges and front coneavities, for better appearance and the more certain protection against the weather.

I am aware that siding or ceiling for buildings has been made with tongue and groove edges of equal (or nearly'so) thickness, and presenting a flat plain surface on its inner side; but this is not the spirit of my invention.

I attain the objects above enumerated by means of the peculiar construction and arrangement of the various parts of my device, which will be more fully pointed out and described in the specification and claim, reference being had to the drawings accompanying this application and forming part of the same, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of one form of my invention, showing tongue and grooves with inner shoulders of equal thick ness and outer shoulders of unequal thickness. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View of the same,

showing curved groove on the outer face of the siding.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, A represents siding, clapboards, or ceiling, formed with a tongue projection, a, said projection extending the entire length of the board or siding, and from the base of the same extending in ward is formed a shoulder, Z), and on the opposite side of said tongue is formed a shoulder, 0, having less bearing-surface than'shoulder 1), as shown in Fig. 1. The purpose of this construction is twofold -to make a tighter joint than could be done without it, and that the carpenter can readily see from the outside of the siding when thejoints are tight. Great difficultyand inconvenience have been experienced heretofore by carpenters laying siding, in that they are compelled to inspect the inside of the work by climbing up a ladder or going around the end of the board, to see when the siding is driven down and the inner shoulders tight. such labor and annoyance are obviated. The opposite edge of siding A is formed with a groove, d, and a shoulder, d, on the inner side of the same bearing-surface as shoulder b. The outer shoulder, (1 isformed considerablythiclv er than the shoulder d, a small portion ofits inner edge being adapted to rest on shoulder c, and the remaining portion projecting out over said shoulder c and the siding below, as shown in Fig. 1, said siding being formed wedgeshaped in cross-section, thick at the base and inclined inward at the top. The lower edge orbase of the board having the grooved is made thicker outside of the groove than on the inside, .because that part is more exposed to the warping heat of the sun and the weather, and is liable to split or crack, if made thin; and it is also less liable to split when driven to the shoulders I), &c., and forms a more durable protection to the outside of the tongue.

Another form of my invention is shown in Fig. 2, in which the siding A is formed with tongue and grooved edges, and of about equal thickness its entire length and width. Tongue a, shoulder Z), and shoulder c are formed similar to siding A shown in Fig. 1; also the groove (1 and shoulders d (P. A wide curved groove, 0, is formed on the outer face of the With this construction all siding near the upper edge, said curve 6 beginning at shoulderc and extending to point 0*, as shown in Fig. 2. The purpose of this eon struction is to give to the siding when in place a neat and attractive appearance, to prevent moisture, snow, or sleet from settling under shoulder d, and to deflect the currents of air outward, thereby making the building dry and comfortable. I form my siding of either wood or metal.

-Havin g thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

In a siding or ceiling for buildings, a strip or board formed with a tongue projection on 1 its upper edge, and an outer and inner shoulder projecting at right angles from the base of said tongue, the inner shoulder being wider and of greater bearing-surface than the outer, said strip having a groove on its lower edge with projecting shoulders at right angles to the groove, said shoulders being thicker on their outer face than 011 their inner face, sub stantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I affiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE XV. ORAXVFORD. W'itnesses:

JOHN CRAWFORD, JOSEPH STEADER. 

